Reform of the Common European Asylum System is a crucial issue today, particularly in the context of human rights and refugee protection. This article draws on CEAR’s report, which analyses the implications of the proposed reforms and how they affect asylum seekers in Europe.

What is the reform of the Common European Asylum System?

The reform of the Common European Asylum System aims to establish a more consistent and effective framework for managing asylum applications in the European Union. At its core, the reform seeks to ensure that all asylum seekers have access to a fair process and adequate protection.

CEAR’s report emphasises that the reform should focus on international protection for refugees in Europe, promoting an approach that prioritises human rights over migration control. This is essential to ensure that people fleeing violence and persecution are not subjected to unfair procedures.

A key part of this reform is the need to change current asylum procedures, which often result in unjust expulsions. The reform of the Common European Asylum System must address these issues to ensure a more humane and respectful process.

What are the main criticisms of the new European Pact on Migration and Asylum?

The new European Pact on Migration and Asylum has faced criticism from many quarters, particularly for its focus on containment. Many argue that this approach is not only ineffective but also undermines the fundamental rights of asylum seekers.

One of the strongest criticisms is that the pact prioritises border security over the protection of human rights. This has led to a decrease in the number of asylum applications processed fairly. In 2024, only 18,5% of applications in Spain were recognised, indicating a lack of access to protection.

CEAR’s report also points out that the pact makes it more difficult for people in need of asylum to enter, by imposing accelerated procedures that do not allow each case to be assessed thoroughly. This situation could result in essential protection being denied to those who genuinely need it.

The externalisation of migration controls to non-European countries has also been a point of controversy. These practices have led to abuse and human rights violations in third countries, raising serious ethical concerns about such policies.

What proposals does CEAR put forward to improve the international protection of refugees?

CEAR has put forward various proposals in its report to improve international protection for refugees in Europe. These proposals focus on ensuring a fairer and more accessible asylum system.

• Review of procedures: A comprehensive review of asylum procedures is proposed to ensure that every application is assessed fairly and equitably.
• Strengthening rights: CEAR emphasises the importance of strengthening applicants’ rights and ensuring that they have access to legal assistance and support throughout the process.
• Focus on vulnerable groups: The proposals include specific measures to protect vulnerable groups, such as women, children and LGBTQ+ people.
• Integration policies: CEAR also advocates policies that promote the integration of refugees into local communities, which could support their adjustment and well-being.

These proposals are essential to creating a system that not only meets international obligations but also reflects the values of solidarity and respect for human rights that should characterise Europe.

What challenges does CEAR identify in its 2025 report?

CEAR’s 2025 report identifies several critical challenges facing asylum seekers today. One of the main challenges is the lack of access to fair procedures, which can result in asylum being denied to people who genuinely need protection.

Furthermore, the externalisation of migration control has created zones of insecurity where applicants’ rights are systematically violated. This leaves people trying to access asylum in Europe even more vulnerable.

Another challenge identified is the shortage of resources in the asylum systems of many Member States, leading to significant backlogs in processing applications. This situation affects not only applicants but also creates tensions within the communities that host them.

Finally, the report highlights the need to change the public narrative about refugees. Negative perceptions in many countries can make it harder to implement fairer, more compassionate policies for people seeking asylum.

How do accelerated procedures affect asylum seekers?

Accelerated procedures have been introduced in several European countries to speed up the processing of asylum applications. However, these procedures can have serious consequences for applicants.

First, the rush to process applications often means that each case does not receive a full assessment. This can result in asylum being denied to people who meet the criteria for international protection.

In addition, accelerated procedures leave applicants less time to gather evidence and testimony to support their case. This is particularly problematic for people who have experienced complex or traumatic situations.

Finally, the stress and uncertainty caused by these procedures can negatively affect applicants’ mental and emotional health. It is therefore essential to review and improve these processes to ensure that everyone involved has their rights respected.

What does CEAR’s data reveal about the situation of refugees in Spain?

CEAR’s report provides a detailed overview of the current situation of refugees in Spain. One of the most alarming figures is that only 18,5% of asylum applications were granted in 2024, highlighting the crisis in the protection system.

CEAR also notes that many applicants face significant barriers to accessing information and resources, making it even harder for them to submit effective applications. These barriers include a lack of legal assistance and limited access to social support.

Another significant finding is that refugees’ accommodation is often inadequate, affecting their well-being and prospects for integration. A lack of resources and appropriate support can create a cycle of vulnerability that is difficult to break.

Finally, the report highlights the urgent need to implement policies that prioritise human rights and the protection of refugees in order to build a fairer, more supportive system.

Related questions about reform of the Common European Asylum System

Who is behind CEAR?

CEAR, or the Spanish Commission for Refugee Aid (Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado), is a non-governmental organisation working in Spain to defend the rights of refugees and asylum seekers. Founded in 1979, its main aim is to provide legal, social and emotional support to people seeking international protection.

The organisation also conducts research and produces reports, such as the CEAR Report on Migration, which analyse the current situation of refugees in Spain and Europe. Its work is vital in raising awareness of the challenges these people face and advocating for fairer policies.

What is the CEAS reform?

The CEAS reform is a process aimed at updating and improving the legal and operational framework of Europe’s asylum system. The system is designed to ensure that all asylum seekers are treated fairly and that their rights are respected.

The reform is driven by the need for a more inclusive and humanitarian approach that addresses shortcomings in the current system, which often leads to asylum being unfairly denied and refugees living in inadequate conditions.

What is CEAR and what is its aim?

As mentioned above, CEAR is an organisation that works to defend the rights of refugees. Its aim is to ensure that everyone seeking asylum in Spain has access to a fair process and the resources they need to rebuild their lives.

The organisation is also involved in developing public policy and raising awareness of refugees’ situation, advocating for an approach that prioritises human rights and the dignity of all people.

What is the Common European Asylum System?

The Common European Asylum System is a set of laws and regulations that establishes how asylum applications must be handled in European Union member states. Its aim is to ensure that asylum seekers have access to a fair process and that their rights are respected.

This system includes criteria for assessing applications, as well as rules on refugee protection and cooperation between countries. However, it has faced criticism for uneven implementation and a lack of adequate resources in many countries.